Preauricular sinus and cyst
A preauricular sinus or cyst (also known as a "Congenital auricular fistula," "Congenital preauricular fistula," "Ear pit"[1]:782, and "Preauricular cyst"[2] ) is a common congenital malformation characterized by a nodule, dent or dimple located anywhere adjacent to the external ear.[3] They are inherited features and usually appear on one side, but may be bilateral in 25-50% of cases. Preauricular sinuses and cysts result from developmental defects of the first and second branchial arches.[4] Occasionally a preauricular sinus or a cyst can become infected.[5]
Most preauricular sinuses are asymptomatic and remain untreated unless they become infected too often.[6] Preauricular cysts are treated with surgery which, because of their close proximity to the facial nerve should be left to an experienced surgeon.[7]
See also
References
- ^ Freedberg, et al. (2003). Fitzpatrick's Dermatology in General Medicine. (6th ed.). McGraw-Hill. ISBN 0071380760.
- ^ Rapini, Ronald P.; Bolognia, Jean L.; Jorizzo, Joseph L. (2007). Dermatology: 2-Volume Set. St. Louis: Mosby. ISBN 1-4160-2999-0.
- ^ Noah S Scheinfeld; Valerie Nozad (Mar 18, 2008). "Preauricular Sinuses" (in english). http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1118768-overview. Retrieved 24 feb 2009.
- ^ From Stedman's Medical Spellchecker cyted in WrongDiagnosis.com (2006). "Preauricular Sinus" (in english). http://www.wrongdiagnosis.com/medical/preauricular_sinus.htm. Retrieved 24 feb 2009.
- ^ James, William D.; Berger, Timothy G.; et al. (2006). Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: Clinical Dermatology. Saunders Elsevier. ISBN 0-7216-2921-0.
- ^ Stephen Ludwig, Stephan Strobel, Stephen D. Marks, Pete K. Smith, Ph.D., Magdi H. El Habbal, M.D., Lewis Spitz Visual Handbook of Pediatrics and Child Health Published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2008; page 517. ISBN 0781795052
- ^ Michael Hawke Ear Disease Published by PMPH-USA, 2003; page 5. ISBN 1550092413
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Preauricular sinus and cyst
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